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multi-cloud-architecture

Decision framework and service comparison patterns for architecting across AWS, Azure, GCP, and OCI. Includes detailed service mapping tables across compute, storage, and database categories to identify equivalent offerings and best-of-breed selections Four core multi-cloud patterns: single provider with disaster recovery, best-of-breed service selection, geographic distribution, and cloud-agnostic abstraction layers Cloud-agnostic alternatives using Kubernetes, PostgreSQL, Apache Kafka, Redis, and open source tools to reduce vendor lock-in Cost comparison and optimization strategies covering reserved capacity, spot instances, right-sizing, and lifecycle policies across all four providers Phased migration strategy from assessment through optimization with best practices for infrastructure as code, monitoring, and disaster recovery testing

INSTALLATION
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SKILL.md

Multi-Cloud Architecture

Decision framework and patterns for architecting applications across AWS, Azure, GCP, and OCI.

Purpose

Design cloud-agnostic architectures and make informed decisions about service selection across cloud providers.

When to Use

  • Design multi-cloud strategies
  • Migrate between cloud providers
  • Select cloud services for specific workloads
  • Implement cloud-agnostic architectures
  • Optimize costs across providers

Cloud Service Comparison

Compute Services

AWS

Azure

GCP

OCI

Use Case

EC2

Virtual Machines

Compute Engine

Compute

IaaS VMs

ECS

Container Instances

Cloud Run

Container Instances

Containers

EKS

AKS

GKE

OKE

Kubernetes

Lambda

Functions

Cloud Functions

Functions

Serverless

Fargate

Container Apps

Cloud Run

Container Instances

Managed containers

Storage Services

AWS

Azure

GCP

OCI

Use Case

S3

Blob Storage

Cloud Storage

Object Storage

Object storage

EBS

Managed Disks

Persistent Disk

Block Volumes

Block storage

EFS

Azure Files

Filestore

File Storage

File storage

Glacier

Archive Storage

Archive Storage

Archive Storage

Cold storage

Database Services

AWS

Azure

GCP

OCI

Use Case

RDS

SQL Database

Cloud SQL

MySQL HeatWave

Managed SQL

DynamoDB

Cosmos DB

Firestore

NoSQL Database

NoSQL

Aurora

PostgreSQL/MySQL

Cloud Spanner

Autonomous Database

Distributed SQL

ElastiCache

Cache for Redis

Memorystore

OCI Cache

Caching

Reference: See references/service-comparison.md for complete comparison

Multi-Cloud Patterns

Pattern 1: Single Provider with DR

  • Primary workload in one cloud
  • Disaster recovery in another
  • Database replication across clouds
  • Automated failover

Pattern 2: Best-of-Breed

  • Use best service from each provider
  • AI/ML on GCP
  • Enterprise apps on Azure
  • Regulated data platforms on OCI
  • General compute on AWS

Pattern 3: Geographic Distribution

  • Serve users from nearest cloud region
  • Data sovereignty compliance
  • Global load balancing
  • Regional failover

Pattern 4: Cloud-Agnostic Abstraction

  • Kubernetes for compute
  • PostgreSQL for database
  • S3-compatible storage (MinIO)
  • Open source tools

Cloud-Agnostic Architecture

Use Cloud-Native Alternatives

  • Compute: Kubernetes (EKS/AKS/GKE/OKE)
  • Database: PostgreSQL/MySQL (RDS/SQL Database/Cloud SQL/MySQL HeatWave)
  • Message Queue: Apache Kafka or managed streaming (MSK/Event Hubs/Confluent/OCI Streaming)
  • Cache: Redis (ElastiCache/Azure Cache/Memorystore/OCI Cache)
  • Object Storage: S3-compatible API
  • Monitoring: Prometheus/Grafana
  • Service Mesh: Istio/Linkerd

Abstraction Layers

Application Layer

    ↓

Infrastructure Abstraction (Terraform)

    ↓

Cloud Provider APIs

    ↓

AWS / Azure / GCP / OCI

Cost Comparison

Compute Pricing Factors

  • AWS: On-demand, Reserved, Spot, Savings Plans
  • Azure: Pay-as-you-go, Reserved, Spot
  • GCP: On-demand, Committed use, Preemptible
  • OCI: Pay-as-you-go, annual commitments, burstable/flexible shapes, preemptible instances

Cost Optimization Strategies

  • Use reserved/committed capacity (30-70% savings)
  • Leverage spot/preemptible instances
  • Right-size resources
  • Use serverless for variable workloads
  • Optimize data transfer costs
  • Implement lifecycle policies
  • Use cost allocation tags
  • Monitor with cloud cost tools

Reference: See references/multi-cloud-patterns.md

Migration Strategy

Phase 1: Assessment

  • Inventory current infrastructure
  • Identify dependencies
  • Assess cloud compatibility
  • Estimate costs

Phase 2: Pilot

  • Select pilot workload
  • Implement in target cloud
  • Test thoroughly
  • Document learnings

Phase 3: Migration

  • Migrate workloads incrementally
  • Maintain dual-run period
  • Monitor performance
  • Validate functionality

Phase 4: Optimization

  • Right-size resources
  • Implement cloud-native services
  • Optimize costs
  • Enhance security

Best Practices

  • Use infrastructure as code (Terraform/OpenTofu)
  • Implement CI/CD pipelines for deployments
  • Design for failure across clouds
  • Use managed services when possible
  • Implement comprehensive monitoring
  • Automate cost optimization
  • Follow security best practices
  • Document cloud-specific configurations
  • Test disaster recovery procedures
  • Train teams on multiple clouds

Related Skills

  • terraform-module-library - For IaC implementation
  • cost-optimization - For cost management
  • hybrid-cloud-networking - For connectivity
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