SKILL.md
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References:
Indexing
- Composite order: equality first, then range/sort (leftmost prefix rule).
- Range predicates stop index usage for subsequent columns.
- Secondary indexes include PK implicitly. Prefix indexes for long strings.
- Audit via
performance_schema— drop indexes withcount_read = 0.
References:
Partitioning
- Partition time-series (>50M rows) or large tables (>100M rows). Plan early — retrofit = full rebuild.
- Include partition column in every unique/PK. Always add a
MAXVALUEcatch-all.
References:
Query Optimization
- Check
EXPLAIN— red flags:type: ALL,Using filesort,Using temporary.
- Cursor pagination, not
OFFSET. Avoid functions on indexed columns inWHERE.
- Batch inserts (500–5000 rows).
UNION ALLoverUNIONwhen dedup unnecessary.
References:
Transactions & Locking
- Default:
REPEATABLE READ(gap locks). UseREAD COMMITTEDfor high contention.
- Consistent row access order prevents deadlocks. Retry error 1213 with backoff.
- Do I/O outside transactions. Use
SELECT ... FOR UPDATEsparingly.
References:
Operations
- Use online DDL (
ALGORITHM=INPLACE) when possible; test on replicas first.
- Tune connection pooling — avoid
max_connectionsexhaustion under load.
- Monitor replication lag; avoid stale reads from replicas during writes.
References:
Guardrails
- Prefer measured evidence over blanket rules of thumb.
- Note MySQL-version-specific behavior when giving advice.
- Ask for explicit human approval before destructive data operations (drops/deletes/truncates).