Laravel TDD Workflow

Test-driven development for Laravel applications using PHPUnit and Pest with 80%+ coverage (unit + feature).

When to Use

• New features or endpoints in Laravel

• Bug fixes or refactors

• Testing Eloquent models, policies, jobs, and notifications

• Prefer Pest for new tests unless the project already standardizes on PHPUnit

How It Works

Red-Green-Refactor Cycle

• Write a failing test

• Implement the minimal change to pass

• Refactor while keeping tests green

Test Layers

• Unit: pure PHP classes, value objects, services

• Feature: HTTP endpoints, auth, validation, policies

• Integration: database + queue + external boundaries

Choose layers based on scope:

• Use Unit tests for pure business logic and services.

• Use Feature tests for HTTP, auth, validation, and response shape.

• Use Integration tests when validating DB/queues/external services together.

Database Strategy

• RefreshDatabase for most feature/integration tests (runs migrations once per test run, then wraps each test in a transaction when supported; in-memory databases may re-migrate per test)

• DatabaseTransactions when the schema is already migrated and you only need per-test rollback

• DatabaseMigrations when you need a full migrate/fresh for every test and can afford the cost

Use RefreshDatabase as the default for tests that touch the database: for databases with transaction support, it runs migrations once per test run (via a static flag) and wraps each test in a transaction; for :memory: SQLite or connections without transactions, it migrates before each test. Use DatabaseTransactions when the schema is already migrated and you only need per-test rollbacks.

Testing Framework Choice

• Default to Pest for new tests when available.

• Use PHPUnit only if the project already standardizes on it or requires PHPUnit-specific tooling.

Examples

PHPUnit Example

use App\Models\User;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use Tests\TestCase;

final class ProjectControllerTest extends TestCase

{

    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_owner_can_create_project(): void

    {

        $user = User::factory()->create();

        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [

            'name' => 'New Project',

        ]);

        $response->assertCreated();

        $this->assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);

    }

}

Feature Test Example (HTTP Layer)

use App\Models\Project;

use App\Models\User;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use Tests\TestCase;

final class ProjectIndexTest extends TestCase

{

    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_projects_index_returns_paginated_results(): void

    {

        $user = User::factory()->create();

        Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();

        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');

        $response->assertOk();

        $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);

    }

}

Pest Example

use App\Models\User;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;

use function Pest\Laravel\assertDatabaseHas;

uses(RefreshDatabase::class);

test('owner can create project', function () {

    $user = User::factory()->create();

    $response = actingAs($user)->postJson('/api/projects', [

        'name' => 'New Project',

    ]);

    $response->assertCreated();

    assertDatabaseHas('projects', ['name' => 'New Project']);

});

Feature Test Pest Example (HTTP Layer)

use App\Models\Project;

use App\Models\User;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use function Pest\Laravel\actingAs;

uses(RefreshDatabase::class);

test('projects index returns paginated results', function () {

    $user = User::factory()->create();

    Project::factory()->count(3)->for($user)->create();

    $response = actingAs($user)->getJson('/api/projects');

    $response->assertOk();

    $response->assertJsonStructure(['success', 'data', 'error', 'meta']);

});

Factories and States

• Use factories for test data

• Define states for edge cases (archived, admin, trial)

$user = User::factory()->state(['role' => 'admin'])->create();

Database Testing

• Use RefreshDatabase for clean state

• Keep tests isolated and deterministic

• Prefer assertDatabaseHas over manual queries

Persistence Test Example

use App\Models\Project;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use Tests\TestCase;

final class ProjectRepositoryTest extends TestCase

{

    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_project_can_be_retrieved_by_slug(): void

    {

        $project = Project::factory()->create(['slug' => 'alpha']);

        $found = Project::query()->where('slug', 'alpha')->firstOrFail();

        $this->assertSame($project->id, $found->id);

    }

}

Fakes for Side Effects

• Bus::fake() for jobs

• Queue::fake() for queued work

• Mail::fake() and Notification::fake() for notifications

• Event::fake() for domain events

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;

Queue::fake();

dispatch(new SendOrderConfirmation($order->id));

Queue::assertPushed(SendOrderConfirmation::class);

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;

Notification::fake();

$user->notify(new InvoiceReady($invoice));

Notification::assertSentTo($user, InvoiceReady::class);

Auth Testing (Sanctum)

use Laravel\Sanctum\Sanctum;

Sanctum::actingAs($user);

$response = $this->getJson('/api/projects');

$response->assertOk();

HTTP and External Services

• Use Http::fake() to isolate external APIs

• Assert outbound payloads with Http::assertSent()

Coverage Targets

• Enforce 80%+ coverage for unit + feature tests

• Use pcov or XDEBUG_MODE=coverage in CI

Test Commands

• php artisan test

• vendor/bin/phpunit

• vendor/bin/pest

Test Configuration

• Use phpunit.xml to set DB_CONNECTION=sqlite and DB_DATABASE=:memory: for fast tests

• Keep separate env for tests to avoid touching dev/prod data

Authorization Tests

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Gate;

$this->assertTrue(Gate::forUser($user)->allows('update', $project));

$this->assertFalse(Gate::forUser($otherUser)->allows('update', $project));

Inertia Feature Tests

When using Inertia.js, assert on the component name and props with the Inertia testing helpers.

use App\Models\User;

use Inertia\Testing\AssertableInertia;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

use Tests\TestCase;

final class DashboardInertiaTest extends TestCase

{

    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_dashboard_inertia_props(): void

    {

        $user = User::factory()->create();

        $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get('/dashboard');

        $response->assertOk();

        $response->assertInertia(fn (AssertableInertia $page) => $page

            ->component('Dashboard')

            ->where('user.id', $user->id)

            ->has('projects')

        );

    }

}

Prefer assertInertia over raw JSON assertions to keep tests aligned with Inertia responses.